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N4 PETERS, FNoTD-LITHOGMFRER, WASHINGTON D dw cfm p f y Q, i R31" tait/3- atntt (time.

PHILIP C. ROWE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 86,322, dated Janna/ry v26, 1869.

kIMPROVEMIENT IN WRENCHES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patient an making part of the sama.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PHILIP O. ROWE, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and .State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this specication, is a description of my invention sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to practise it.

The prime object of my invention is the production of a wrenohfor rotating gas and steam-pipes, round iron, &c., which, while more effective thanany other device with which I am acquainted, for a similar purpose, can be easily and quickly changed, by shifting some of its parts into a cutting-device for cuttingoii' pipes and metal cylinders, or into a wrench adapted t0 rotating polygonal nuts, Sto.

In my improved wrench, whether adjusted for use `to rotate cylindrical or polygonal bodies, or to out oli cylindrical bodies, the operative parts are made adjustable toward each other, by the rotation of a nut, and then are powerfully forced toward each other by the grasp of the hand, operating through the medium of a bent lever, and it is in said arrangement and combination of parts that my invention mainly consists, the balance of my invention being found in the details of construction and combination hereinafter described and claimed.

Of the drawings- Figures l and 2 are, respectively, side and front ele.- vations of' my improved wrench, arranged for use to cut off cylindrical bodies;

Figures 3 and 4 are, respectively, side and front elevations, showing the changes needed to transform the apparatus Ashown in iigs. 1 and 2 into a wrench adapted to rotate polygonal bodies; and Y Figure 5 is a front elevation of the piece which is used to transform the apparatus into a pipe-wrench.

The part of my wrench which serves the purpose of the outer jaw of a common monkey-wrench, or of the outer hooked jaw of aV pipe-wrench or tongs, is represented by a bar, having a hooked end, a, as shown, terminating in a long handle, or tang, on a portion of which screw-threads b are formed, between the head a' and the handle-partierof the bar.

The other main member of my apparatus is a bent lever, the short arm d of which is slotted, so as to fit over the hooked bar,as shown in the drawing, the lower edge of the arm d resting upon the upper end of the nut c, or a washer, f, thereon, the bent lever being also slightly coupled with the nut e, by spring g, one end of which is iixed to the long arm h of the bent lever, the other end ofthe spring being bent and entering a groove turned into and around the nut e, one function` ofthe spring being to draw down the bent lever away from the hook a', when the nut c is turned in one direction, the turning of the nut c in the other direction carrying the bent lever toward hook a. The other function of the spring g is to keep apart the handles by which the apparatus is grasped and turned.

The hook a serves as the curved jaw of a pipetongs, orl of a pipe-cutter, and, when provided with the shoe j, answers as the outer jaw of a wrench for turning polygonal bodies.

The short arm d, of the bent lever, serves to carryz place, the latch being prevented from accidental movement by the action of the screw o, through the springwasher p.

Each of the pieces i, k, and l, is provided with a spring, q, which, when the piece to which it is attached is pivoted in place upon the pin m, bears against the pin r, and operates to press the pieceagainst the bar of the hook a.

The bent lever d h turns, or is fulcrumed against or on the piece which is pivoted on pin m, and the lower edge of d being'inclined, the piece carried on pin mis forced upward, through a small range of movement, with great power, as the handles are drawn together by the grasp ofthe hand.'

The pipe-wrench jaw k, and the pipe-cutter i, are each provided with a screw, s, by which their position can be adjusted with reference to the centres of the cylindrical bodies to be operated upon.

In operating with the described apparatus, the-nut e4 is turned till the piece i, lt, or l, is brought as nearly asv may be desiredinto contact with the body to be operated upon, and then the grasp of therhand upon the handles will powerfully force the piece borne on the pin m toward the end a. If the cutter-piece i is used, the cutter will continue to cut, as long as the whole apparatus is turned, till the handles are brought together, and then, if it is desired to continue the cut, the handgrasp is released, and the nut e is turned up, and, by repeating the hand-grasp and the turning-motion, the

vcptting is continued.

When the pipe-jaw k is used, it is adjusted, like the cutter i, by manipulation of nut c and screws, and then a firm gripe of a pipe or other cylindrical body is obtained, by drawing the handles together by a handgrasp, and the whole apparatus is turned as much as may be desired.

Where complete revolutions.i cannot be obtained, the apparatus is turned back, without turning the cylinder located between the jaws, which let go their hold upon the cylinder simply by loosening the hand-grasp, and when the parts are in proper position for again turning the cylinder, it is again griped by tightening the handgrasp, and the cylinder is again rotated with the appa ratus.

When the apparatus is used as a wrench, with the jaw Z and piece j, on polygonal bodies, such as nuts,v

it will be seen that they are firmly held, and do not drop out of the grasp of the jaws, asin the ease of ordinary wrenches.

I claim the combination of the hooked screw-shanked y piece a b, with the nut e and bent lever d h, substani tially as and for the purpose described.

tially as described.

Also, the combination, with either of the pieces i, k,

or Z, of the spring q, substantially as and for the purpose` specified.

Also, eombiningwith either of the pieces 'i or k, the adjusting-screw, substantially as and 'for the purpose described. Also, the spring g, arranged and operating substan- PHILIP o. ROWE. Witnesses:

J. BJOROSBY, W, B. Gnms'on. 

